How does a DTH hammer work
A down-the-hole hammer, or DTH hammer, is a super effective tool for drilling holes in really hard rock. Here's the lowdown on how it works, in plain English:
1. Air Power:
These hammers run on compressed air. A big air compressor on the surface pushes high-pressure air down through the drill pipes and into the hammer itself.
2. The Piston is Back and Forth:
Inside the hammer, there is this part called a piston, and that is what makes the hitting action.
There is a special part that controls the airflow, and it shoots the compressed air into the top and bottom parts of where the piston is. This makes the piston move super fast, back and forth. It's kind of like a tiny jackhammer that goes down the hole.
3. Hitting the Drill Bit Hard:
When the piston slams down really fast, it directly hits the drill bit that is attached to the front of the hammer.
Every time that piston hits, it sends a big punch of energy right into the drill bit.
4. Breaking Up the Rock:
The bottom of the drill bit usually has these tough metal teeth made of stuff like tungsten carbide.
When the piston hits the bit hard and fast, these teeth smash into the rock and break it apart.
5. Spinning Around:
Just hitting the rock isn't enough to drill a hole. While the hammer is doing all that hitting, the drill pipes up on the surface have a motor that slowly spins the whole drill string, including the hammer and the bit.
After each hit, the bit turns a little bit, so the next hit lands on a fresh piece of rock. This is how it keeps drilling deeper.
6. Getting Rid of the Broken Rock:
After the compressed air has done its job of moving the piston, it gets pushed out through holes in the hammer and the drill bit.
This fast-moving air blasts all the broken rock bits up from the bottom of the hole, through the drill pipes, and out the top. This keeps the bottom of the hole clean so the bit can keep drilling efficiently.
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